Anhydrous copper sulphate changes to blue colour when water is added to it. The white substance which you see around battery terminals is either lead sulphate made from the reaction explained one paragraph above or anhydrous copper sulphate made from the reaction explained in above paragraph. The equation of this chemical reaction is following:Ĭu (s) + 2 H 2 SO 4 (ℓ) → Cu SO 4 (aq) + 2 H 2 O (ℓ) + S O 2 (g) But when electricity passes, it reacts with sulphuric acid and produce copper sulphate ( Cu SO 4 ) along with water and sulphur dioxide gas. Copper itself is not reactive even if dilute sulphuric acid is poured on it. Sometimes, it also happens that copper clamps or ringed copper terminals which are used to connect battery with wires corrode. The chemical reaction between lead and sulphuric acid is accordingly: If contact happens at battery posts, the compound which is formed as a result of reaction is lead sulphate ( PbSO 4 ). Its reaction with sulphuric acid is very slow. This electrolyte can leak out of vents of overcharged flooded lead acid battery if it is topped up with too much water and also SLA batteries through loose joints.Posts of lead acid batteries are mostly made from lead. Overcharging heats up the battery and heat increases the volume of electrolyte filled inside it. Also, fumes of sulphuric acid which is a part of electrolyte and actually responsible for corrosion keeps arising out of vents of flooded lead acid batteries when battery is charging or hot. In case of flooded lead acid batteries (wet batteries), electrolyte can jump out while carelessly pouring water into cells. In case of sealed lead acid battery (also known as SLA battery or dry battery), corrosion happens when electrolyte makes its way out to battery terminals through any leaks or joints.
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